what was the blitzkrieg weegy10 marca 2023
User: Alcohol in excess of ___ proof Weegy: Buck is losing his civilized characteristics. [93], Use of armored forces was crucial for both sides on the Eastern Front. Germany proved unable to defeat the Soviet Union, which together with Great Britain and the United States seized the initiative from Germany. The Germans also dropped airborne assault troops from Junkers 52 transporters, a novel tactic in warfare. [2][5] During the Invasion of Poland, Western journalists adopted the term blitzkrieg to describe this form of armored warfare. blitzkrieg, (German: lightning war) military tactic calculated to create psychological shock and resultant disorganization in enemy forces through the employment of surprise, speed, and superiority in matriel or firepower. It argued that Germany must develop self-sufficiency in food, because it might again prove impossible to deal a swift knock-out to its enemies, leading to a long war. Blitzkrieg tactics were also used by the German commander Erwin Rommel during the desert campaigns in North Africa. Europe is fairly small so a 10 hour drive (today) can easily take you through multiple countries. Kielmansegg asserted that what many regarded as blitzkrieg was nothing more than "ad hoc solutions that simply popped out of the prevailing situation". [99] The Red Army had survived enormous losses and regrouped with new formations far to the rear of the front line. Weegy: A basic position in American foreign policy has been that America must defend its foreign interests related to Weegy: 15 ? [136], Living standards were not high in the late 1930s. Weegy: Blitzkrieg is a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. In World War II, German Panzer forces used motorized mobility to paralyze the opponent's ability to react. Richard Overy pointed out some 23 percent of German output was military by 1939. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. [149][150] Kenneth Macksey found Liddell Hart's original letters to Guderian in the General's papers, requesting that Guderian give him credit for "impressing him" with his ideas of armored warfare. [140], James Corum wrote that it was a myth that the Luftwaffe had a doctrine of terror bombing, in which civilians were attacked to break the will or aid the collapse of an enemy, by the Luftwaffe in Blitzkrieg operations. 1134-6, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz63329.html, "Fort Eben-Emael: Geographic Pivot of the Western Front, 1940", "Advancing Backwards: The Demodernization of the German Army in World War 2", "How Methamphetamine Became a Key Part of Nazi Military Strategy (January 7, 2020)", https://doi.org/10.1179/106980489790305551, Armstrong, G. P. The Controversy over Tanks in the British Army 1919 to 1933 (PhD 1976), Sinesi, Michael. Sternberg wrote that Germany was not prepared economically for a long war but might win a quick war ("Blitzkrieg"). Blitzkrieg (/bltskri/ BLITS-kreeg, German: [bltskik] (listen); from Blitz 'lightning' + Krieg 'war') is a word used to describe a surprise attack using a rapid, overwhelming force concentration that may consist of armored and motorized or mechanized infantry formations, together with close air support, that has the intent to break through the opponent's lines of defense, then dislocate the defenders, unbalance the enemy by making it difficult to respond to the continuously changing front, and defeat them in a decisive Vernichtungsschlacht: a battle of annihilation. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. During World War II each blitzkrieg campaign contained a Schwerpunkt that gave it meaning and substance, with doctrines of mobile warfare expounded by British military theorists J.F.C. Early German successes were conducted when Allied aircraft could not make a significant impact on the battlefield. How did Ralph Waldo Emerson impact American society? [34] Seeckt inspired a revision of Bewegungskrieg (maneuver warfare) thinking and its associated Auftragstaktik, in which the commander expressed his goals to subordinates and gave them discretion in how to achieve them; the governing principle was "the higher the authority, the more general the orders were", so it was the responsibility of the lower echelons to fill in the details. in Land Warfare (International Perspective) with honors and a graduate certificate in German Military Studies from the American Military University. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Between 1937 and 1939, 70 percent of investment capital went into the rubber, synthetic fuel, aircraft and shipbuilding industries. [71] It should however be noted that the disadvantages of terrain could be nullified if surprise was achieved over the enemy by an attack through areas considered natural obstacles, as occurred during the Battle of France when the German blitzkrieg-style attack went through the Ardennes. [35] Implementation of higher orders remained within limits determined by the training doctrine of an elite officer-corps. Why was the Virginia Company founded? Rather than receiving an explicit order, a commander would be told of his superior's intent and the role which his unit was to fill in this concept. The paralysis of command and the breakdown of morale were not made the ultimate aim of the German ground and air forces, and were only incidental by-products of the traditional maneuvers of rapid encirclement and of the supporting activities of the flying artillery of the Luftwaffe, both of which had as their purpose the physical destruction of the enemy troops. At the basis of thisthere is not only the massive use of heavy armoured divisions or cooperation between them and airplanes, but the creation of disorder in the enemy's rear by means of parachute raids. James Corum wrote: Guderian expressed a hearty contempt for General Ludwig Beck, chief of the General Staff from 1935 to 1938, whom he characterized as hostile to ideas of modern mechanised warfare: [Corum quoting Guderian] "He [Beck] was a paralysing element wherever he appeared.[S]ignificantly of his way of thought was his much-boosted method of fighting which he called delaying defence". Guderian summarized combined-arms tactics as the way to get the mobile and motorized armored divisions to work together and support each other to achieve decisive success. [17][18] It is also common for historians and writers to include psychological warfare by using Fifth columnists to spread rumors and lies among the civilian population in the theater of operations. Many Allied operations in the Western Desert and on the Eastern Front, relied on firepower to establish breakthroughs by fast-moving armored units. [8] According to David Reynolds, "Hitler himself called the term Blitzkrieg 'A completely idiotic word' (ein ganz bldsinniges Wort)". [116] Overy disagreed with the idea that Hitler and the Nazi regime ever intended a blitzkrieg war, because the once popular belief that the Nazi state organized their economy to carry out its grand strategy in short campaigns was false. In the spring of 1940, the German army was semi-modern, in which a small number of well-equipped and "elite" divisions were offset by many second and third rate divisions". It was an innovative military technique first used by the Germans in World War Two and was a tactic based on speed and surprise. These artillery-based tactics were also decisive in Western Front operations after 1944's Operation Overlord, and the British Commonwealth and American armies developed flexible and powerful systems for using artillery support. With much of their own armor and heavy equipment lost in Northern France, they lacked the means to fight a mobile war. whiskey distillery tasmania; william and bluitt obituaries ncssm summer ventures; sweeney football player; tristano tgv wife What were the border states important to the north during the Civil War? The Luftwaffe (the German air force) was officially established in February 1935, and development began on ground-attack aircraft and doctrines. Slave state legislators had more power in The Senate during the 1850s. A. 20/3 D. It was expensive to launch a colony in the New World. German attempts to weather the storm and fight out of encirclements failed due to the Russian ability to continue to feed armored units into the attack, maintaining the mobility and strength of the offensive, arriving in force deep in the rear areas, faster than the Germans could regroup. [7] German maneuver operations were successful in the campaigns of 19391941 and by 1940 the term blitzkrieg was extensively used in Western media. [62] General Hoth submitted an official report in July 1940 which declared that Rommel had "explored new paths in the command of Panzer divisions". Weegy: A basic position in American foreign policy has been that America must defend its foreign interests related to Weegy: 15 ? WINDOWPANE is the live-streaming app for sharing your life as it happens, without filters, editing, or anything fake. [141], The vital industries and transportation centers that would be targeted for shutdown were valid military targets. It was never used in the title of a military doctrine or handbook of the German army or air force,[8] and no "coherent doctrine" or "unifying concept of blitzkrieg" existed. [11] The Wehrmacht never officially adopted it as a concept or doctrine. A. In recent years historians have uncovered that Liddell Hart distorted and falsified facts to make it appear as if his ideas were adopted. In 193940, 45 percent of the army was 40 years old and 50 percent of the soldiers had only a few weeks' training. Later, Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky (1893-1937), Georgii Isserson[ru] (1898-1976) and other members of the Red Army developed a concept of deep battle from the experience of the PolishSoviet War of 19191920. [8][9] Blitzkrieg operations capitalized on surprise penetrations (e.g., the penetration of the Ardennes forest region), general enemy unreadiness and their inability to match the pace of the German attack. [109], In 1995, David Glantz stated that for the first time, blitzkrieg was defeated in summer and the opposing Soviet forces were able to mount a successful counter-offensive. This theory of war also emphasized consolidation, recommending caution against overconfidence and ruthless exploitation. The German view of themselves as the losers of the war, may be linked to the senior and experienced officers' undertaking a thorough review, studying and rewriting of all their Army doctrine and training manuals. The term blitzkrieg is used with reference to German efforts to win a quick victory in the First World War but is not associated with the use of armored, mechanized or air forces. The French president of the Ministerial Council, Reynaud, analyzed the collapse in a speech on 21 May 1940: The truth is that our classic conception of the conduct of war has come up against a new conception. Weegy: Blitzkrieg was a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. Later all Allied armies would copy this innovation. [102] The Battle of Kursk ended with two Soviet counter-offensives and the revival of deep operations. bellamy creek correctional facility death Open menu. This is a crude caricature of a highly competent general who authored Army Regulation 300 (Troop Leadership) in 1933, the primary tactical manual of the German Army in World War II, and under whose direction the first three panzer divisions were created in 1935, the largest such force in the world of the time.[157]. The concept of a blitzkrieg Luftwaffe was challenged by Richard Overy in the late 1970s and by Williamson Murray in the mid-1980s. Most of the German armored forces were placed in Panzer Group Kleist, which attacked through the Ardennes, a lightly-defended sector that the French planned to reinforce if need be, before the Germans could bring up heavy and siege artillery. Patrick. "If the tanks succeed, then victory follows", he wrote. Similarly in the military journals, emphasis centred on 'strategic' bombing. On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. 576 square inches [105] The Soviets made a concerted effort to disguise their knowledge of German plans and the extent of their own defensive preparations, and the German commanders still hoped to achieve operational surprise when the attack commenced. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. User: She worked really hard on the project. On the Eastern Front, the war did not bog down into trench warfare; German and Russian armies fought a war of maneuver over thousands of miles, which gave the German leadership unique experience not available to the trench-bound western Allies. Such was the Vernichtungsgedanke of the Polish campaign. [citation needed] The reverse can be seen in the Russian summer offensive of 1944, Operation Bagration, which resulted in the destruction of Army Group Center. [154], It has been argued that blitzkrieg was not new; the Germans did not invent something called blitzkrieg in the 1920s and 1930s. Blitzkrieg seemed to be based around the pervasive use of new technology. But lacking the ability to hit them with accuracy (only three or four Ju 87s saw action in Spain), the Luftwaffe chose a method of carpet bombing, resulting in heavy civilian casualties. User: Alcohol in excess of ___ proof Weegy: Buck is losing his civilized characteristics. [121] Robert M. Citino argues: Blitzkrieg was not a doctrine, or an operational scheme, or even a tactical system. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Soviet forces were driven back more than 600 miles to the gates of Moscow, with staggering losses. [22], In English and other languages, the term had been used since the 1920s. Hitler had intended for a rapid unlimited war to occur much later than 1939, but Germany's aggressive foreign policy forced the Nazi state into war before it was ready. As the ideas of making use of the combustible engine in a protected encasement to bring mobility back to warfare developed in the German army, Guderian was a leading proponent of the formations that would be used for this purpose. = 2 1/4. Guderian's leadership was supported, fostered and institutionalized by his supporters in the Reichswehr General Staff system, which worked the Army to greater and greater levels of capability through massive and systematic Movement Warfare war games in the 1930s. = 2 5/20 Weegy: Blitzkrieg was a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly. It was later applied to the bombing of Britain, particularly London, hence "The Blitz". While Allied forces in 1940 lacked the experience to successfully develop these strategies, resulting in France's capitulation with heavy losses, they characterized later Allied operations. 6 2/3 [125] For all intents and purposes, Blitzkrieg ended at the Eastern Front once the German forces gave up Stalingrad, after they faced hundreds of new T-34 tanks, when the Luftwaffe became unable to assure air dominance, and following the stalemate at Kurskto this end, Hanson concludes that German military success was not accompanied by the adequate provisioning of its troops with food and materiel far from the source of supply, which contributed to its ultimate failures. 768 square inches C. Virginia colonists needed to form their own government and company. [148][146], The early 1950s literature transformed blitzkrieg into a historical military doctrine, which carried the signature of Liddell Hart and Guderian. "Blitzkrieg," a German word meaning Lightning War, was Germanys strategy to avoid a long war in the first phase of World War II in Europe. mobile homes for rent in rigby idaho. B. [84], While the Wehrmacht used available models of tanks, Stuka dive-bombers and concentrated forces in the Polish campaign, the majority of the fighting involved conventional infantry and artillery warfare, and most Luftwaffe action was independent of the ground campaign. [citation needed], Blitzkrieg had been called a Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) but many writers and historians have concluded that the Germans did not invent a new form of warfare but applied new technologies to traditional ideas of Bewegungskrieg (maneuver warfare) to achieve decisive victory. [citation needed], The Germans had not used paratroop attacks in France and only made one big drop in the Netherlands, to capture three bridges; some small glider-landings were conducted in Belgium to take bottle-necks on routes of advance before the arrival of the main force (the most renowned being the landing on Fort Eben-Emael in Belgium). Guderian met with opposition from some in the General Staff, who were distrustful of the new weapons and who continued to view the infantry as the primary weapon of the army. Infiltration tactics were combined with short hurricane artillery bombardments using massed artillery, devised by Colonel Georg Bruchmller. [51] In 2002 H. P. Willmott had noted that deep battle contained two important differences: it was a doctrine of total war (not of limited operations), and rejected decisive battle in favor of several large, simultaneous offensives. = 15 * 3/20 Weegy: It went bankrupt happened to the Virginia Company once Jamestown was settled. Staff burden was reduced at the top and spread among tiers of command with knowledge about their situation. View the list of all donors. The Wehrmacht became overstretched: although winning operationally, it could not inflict a decisive defeat as the durability of the Soviet Union's manpower, resources, industrial base and aid from the Western Allies began to take effect. [139] In 2003, John Mosier wrote that while the French soldiers in 1940 were better trained than German soldiers, as were the Americans later and that the German army was the least mechanized of the major armies, its leadership cadres were larger and better and that the high standard of leadership was the main reason for the successes of the German army in World War II, as it had been in World War I. Modern Bewegungskrieg: German Battle Doctrine, 19201940 (2001), Vardi, Gil-Li. A. It means lightning war. This style, along with the shockingly rapid collapse in the armies that opposed it, came to be branded as blitzkrieg warfare.[14]. [94] The Red Army was to be destroyed west of the Dvina and Dnieper rivers, which were about 500 kilometres (310mi) east of the Soviet border, to be followed by a mopping-up operation. During the Battle of Moscow (October 1941 to January 1942), the Red Army defeated the German Army Group Center and for the first time in the war seized the strategic initiative. Therefore, focus was given to the development of armament in depth for a long war, instead of armament in breadth for a short war. [127], In the 1960s, Alan Milward developed a theory of blitzkrieg economics, that Germany could not fight a long war and chose to avoid comprehensive rearmament and armed in breadth, to win quick victories. The German armies pushed on towards Amiens and then Paris, coming within 120 kilometres (75mi) before supply deficiencies and Allied reinforcements halted the advance.[30]. The Soviets again lost tremendous amounts of territory, only to counter-attack once more during winter. D. The governors disbanded it. [134], Half of the German divisions available in 1940 were combat ready but less well-equipped than the British and French or the Imperial German Army of 1914. The French, hard pressed to organize any sort of counter-attack, were continually ordered to form new defensive lines and found that German forces had already by-passed them and moved on. Terror bombing was deemed to be "counter-productive", increasing rather than destroying the enemy's will to resist. [92] That same French army collapsed after barely two months of fighting. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. It had its origins with the Schwerpunktprinzip (concentration principle) proposed by Carl von Clausewitz in his seminal work On War (1832). It was flexible and it was able to carry out both operational-tactical, and strategic bombing. Blitzkreig is a war tactic that the Germans used. Answer: Blitzkeieg means Lightning War. [73], The influence of air forces over forces on the ground changed significantly over the course of the Second World War. The British also had an "enviable" contingent of motorized forces. This is especially true if the attacking formation lacks the reserve to keep funnelling forces into the spearhead, or lacks the mobility to provide infantry, artillery and supplies into the attack. Central to this was the decision cycle (tempo). Those tactics were remarkably economical of both lives and matriel, primarily for the attackers but also, because of the speed and short duration of the campaign, among the victims. The Kesselschlacht 'cauldron battle' was a concentric attack on such pockets. Between 1922 and 1928 Guderian wrote a number of articles concerning military movement. Later manifestations of blitzkrieg tactics were the combined air and ground attacks by Israeli forces on Syria and Egypt during the Six-Day War (June 1967) and the Israeli counterattacks and final counteroffensive of the Yom Kippur War (October 1973). They seized strategic points in eastern Belgium and landed deep within Holland. "Blitzkrieg Ambiguities: Doubtful Usage of a Famous Word. The Weegy: A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to what was an advantage the south had over the north in the civil war. Units pouring through the hole were to drive upon set objectives behind the enemy front line. [78] As the end of the war approached, Germany also experienced critical shortages in fuel and ammunition stocks as a result of Anglo-American strategic bombing and blockade. Against this on 6 June the Luftwaffe flew some 300 sorties. What did happen was the Wehrmacht's blitzkrieg into the Soviet Union in 1941, which caught Stalin by surprise. Attacks relied on speed and surprise rather than on weight of numbers. Poland, Norway, France, the Low Countries, the Balkans, North Africa, and the Soviet Union were quickly overwhelmed, and Germany's victories were incredibly fast and efficient.
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