effect of microwave on human body ppt10 marca 2023
Google Scholar. Microwave exposure impairs synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampus and pc12 cells through over-activation of the nmda receptor signaling pathway. 2008;29:52738. Mack A, Georg T, Kreis P, Eickholt BJ. CAS Repeated exposure to low-level extremely low frequency-modulated microwaves affects cortex-hypothalamus interplay in freely moving rats: EEG study. Alterations of cognitive function and 5-HT system in rats after long term microwave exposure. CAS [27] found that college students visual reaction times were significantly shorter after 10min of phone-induced microwave radiation. 2014:125. Correspondence to 2011;31:2293301. Radiofrequency (RF) and microwave (MW) radiation are electromagnetic radiation in the frequency ranges 3 kilohertz (kHz) - 300 Megahertz (MHz), and 300 MHz - 300 gigahertz (GHz), respectively. Most of the workers recovered when they left the source of microwave radiation. J Electromagnet Anal. Therefore, their reproducibility and comparability are poor. The normal function of synaptic vesicles depends on the normal expression of related proteins. 2010;2010. Richter ED, Berman T, Ben-Michael E, Laster R, Westin JB. Evaluation of Psychologic parameters in people occupationally exposed to radiofrequencies and microwave. Bioelectromagnetics. 2013;23:306. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). In particular, somatization, obsessive compulsivity, paranoid ideation and psychoticism were reported [17]. To investigate whether exposure of rat brains to GMS microwaves induced DNA breaks and changes in gene expression, Belyaev et al. Schmid MR, Murbach M, Lustenberger C, Maire M, Kuster N, Achermann P, et al. The results showed that in normal EEGs, the (3.26.0Hz) and 2 (17.830.5Hz) waves were mainly concentrated in the cortex, while the (6.017.8Hz) waves were mainly concentrated in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, the expression of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) in cultured neurons was decreased. Acta Neurol Belg. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip. broad definition in terms of frequencies between. J Radiat Proc. 2015;140:23646. [101] exposed rats to microwave radiation at frequencies of 0, 900, 1800 and 2450MHz (SARs: 0, 0.59, 0.58 and 0.66mW/kg, respectively) using a transverse electromagnetic cell for 2months for 2h/d, 5 d/week. 2011;35:36978. California Privacy Statement, One of the bad impacts a microwave has on humans, is that some of the acids in the food people put in the microwave, gets transformed into a type of acid which turns poisonous. Blood biochemical parameters of the radio-link station. In a report by the Poland Department of Microwave Safety, occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields was analyzed in the work environment of personnel of 204 devices divided into 5 groups (surface-to-air missile system radars, aircraft and helicopters, communication devices, surveillance and height finder radars, airport radars and radio navigation systems). Protein synthesis is necessary for dendritic spine proliferation in adult brain slices. Thus, Cosquer et al. The conclusions are shown in Table3. As a result, the existing data exhibit poor reproducibility and comparability. 2002;5:18995. 2009;4:e4389. The strength of the electric field (rms value) at the sample position was 10V/m. Joubert et al. 2013;73:4737. 2009;63:10106. Neurosci Lett. The central nervous system, especially the hippocampus, is highly sensitive to microwave radiation [43, 44]. Iran J Public Health. Pathophysiology. The results showed that at 6h, 1 d and 3 d after exposure, the groups in which the average power density was 10mW/cm2 or 50mW/cm2 displayed significant deficits in spatial learning and memory. J Neuro. [92] found that 900MHz microwave radiation emitted by mobile phones increased protein carbonyl levels in the brains of rats, suggesting that 900MHz microwave radiation can alter some biomolecules such as proteins. Behav Brain Res. Wang et al. Biomed Environ Sci. Dasdag et al. 1999;4:102. One study reported by the Interphone study group [13] showed that there was no increase in the risk of glioma or meningioma in users of mobile phones. Exposure of rat brain to 915 MHz GSM microwaves induces changes in gene expression but not double stranded DNA breaks or effects on chromatin conformation. Ragozzino ME, Unick KE, Gold PE. [72] found that 2.856GHz, 50mW/cm2 pulsed microwave radiation caused persistent spatial memory impairments, disordered neurotransmitters, and varying degrees of damage in the hippocampus and synapses. 2003;80:177. 1997;44:99104. Above all, because of biases and variations in investigation methods, no conclusive evidence has been presented that microwaves cause cancer. The transduction of a nerve impulse and the postsynaptic potential produced by it result in synaptic transmission. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. Many adversarial effects on health causes by electromagnetic. In a study investigating the influence of low-frequency microwave (450MHz) radiation on EEG, Hinrikus et al. [84] and Sharma et al. Kesari KK, Behari J. Fifty-gigahertz microwave exposure effect of radiations on rat brain. Raised glucose levels enhance scopolamine-induced acetylcholine overflow from the hippocampus: an in vivo microdialysis study in the rat. 1992;6:379. Larjavaara S, Schz J, Swerdlow A, Feychting M, Johansen C, Lagorio S, et al. 2014;9:e95503. Morris R. Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. The microwave energy can be changed to warm up the food because this energy is absorbed by food & it does not prepare food contaminated or radioactive. Effect of 900 MHz radio frequency radiation on beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde in the brain. Cell Biochem Biophys. Krylova I, Dukhanin A, Il'in A, Kuznetsova EY, Balaeva N, Shimanovskii N, et al. The frequencies of these devices are listed in Table1. These conclusions are presented in Table2. Defective actin dynamics in dendritic spines: cause or consequence of age-induced cognitive decline? While microwave oven radiation doesn't cause cancer, it can cause painful burns if you're exposed to them. Behav Brain Res. Microwave radiation can cause tissue damage by inducing localized microstructural damage to proteins [86, 87]. Digestive System: The unstable catabolism of microwaved foods alters their elemental food substances, causing disorders in the digestive system. Wang H, Peng R, Zhao L, Wang S, Gao Y, Wang L, et al. EEG data reflect the functional state of the brain by enlarging the autologous weak bioelectricity recorded by the EEG-recording instrument [47]. Brain Res. 2005;25:10190201. 1984;5:6370. 1 of 41 Harmful effects of microwaves on living beings Oct. 04, 2015 4 likes 4,519 views Download Now Download to read offline Environment The presentation proves beyond any doubt, the harmful affects of microwaves and radio frequency waves on humans and other living beings Padmanabhan Krishnan Follow Dr. The results indicated that radar microwave radiation leads to a decreased reaction time and lower short-term memory performance [18]. A metabolomic approach to screening urinary metabolites upon microwave exposure in monkeys. as it have a harmful side. The thermal effects of exposure to RF and microwave radiation are well established and fairly well understood. Resting state cortical EEG rhythms in Alzheimer's disease: toward EEG markers for clinical applications: a review. Cassel et al. Wang L, Li X, Peng R, Gao Y, Zhao L, Wang S, et al. A large amount of heat can be generated to caused severe damage to the body. Chin J Radiol Med Prot. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip. BMJ. 2012;25:1828. Int J Radiat Biol. More data are available regarding opinions on potential health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields [3]. Narayanan SN, Kumar RS, Potu BK, Nayak S, Mailankot M. Spatial memory perfomance of wistar rats exposed to mobile phone. Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in vivo and is characterized by a biochemical state that tends toward oxidization, including the formation of oxygen free radicals (i.e., ROS) and nitrogen radicals reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which play major roles in oxidation. 2001;12:72931. Many studies have been made on the biological effects of microwave radiation. Curr Opin Neurobiol. Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300MHz to 300GHz. Behav Brain Res. A resting eyes-closed electroencephalogram was used to continuously record the results, which showed that there was an increase in the power of the , 1 and 2 frequency bands in the 0.303W/kg group and in the 2 frequency bands in the 0.003W/kg group. Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Erdal ME, Erdal N, Ay OI, Ay ME, et al. The rats in the study showed increases in spatial memory and glucose transporters, and this phenomenon indicated a corresponding increase in glucose uptake. [59] exposed Wistar albino pregnant rats to a 2.45GHz Wi-Fi signal for 2h/d throughout the gestation period and found that the neurodevelopment, cerebral stress equilibrium and cholinesterase activity of the offspring were affected. Human SH-SY5YNB cells were exposed to 2.1GHz W-CDMA modulated microwave radiation for 24h at a specific absorption rate of 0.491W/kg. Ongwijitwat S, Wong-Riley MT. However, the problem with these studies is that different parameters, such as the frequency, modulation, and power density of the radiation and the irradiation time, were used to evaluate microwave radiation between studies. Microwaves are widely used in broadcasting, communications and many industrial fields. J Pharm Sci. Additionally, in the 2.4W/kg group, neuronal filopodial density and activity were lower on day 8, and there was a reduction of the dendritic spine maturity on day 14. PubMed The acute effects of exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones on human attention. 2014;53:22230. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Sci STKE. Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Aksen F, Bashan M, Buyukbayram H. Does 900 MHZ GSM mobile phone exposure affect rat brain? Quantitation, regional vulnerability, and kinetic modeling of brain glucose metabolism in mild Alzheimers disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin. Electromagn Biol Med. Mobile phone use and risk of tumors: a meta-analysis. The potential mechanisms underlying these damaging effects range from gene expression alterations in the respiratory chain, membrane damage, Ca2+ overloading, and DNA impairment [122,123,124,125,126,127,128]. Mortazavi SMJ, Taeb S, Dehghan N. Alterations of visual reaction time and short term memory in military radar personnel. Positive results were obtained in Morris water maze tests that demonstrated that microwaves influenced learning and memory in rats. PubMed Using a ring resonator notch filter for optical carrier reduction and modulation depth enhancement in radio-over-fiber links. Bull Exp Biol Med. Koch C, Zador A. Cancer in radar technicians exposed to radiofrequency/microwave radiation: sentinel episodes. Location of gliomas in relation to mobile telephone use: a case-case and case-specular analysis. This is a Health Evidence Network (HEN) synthesis report assessing the clinical effects of daily exposure to mobile phones in general populations. 2002;13:11921. Kwon MS, Vorobyev V, Knnl S, Laine M, Rinne JO, Toivonen T, et al. The results of this study showed that chronic exposure to Wi-Fi electromagnetic waves might impair both unimodal and cross-modal encoding of information. 2004;23:20114. These results explain the genetic mechanisms by which microwave radiation induces damage to learning and memory. Fragopoulou AF, Samara A, Antonelou MH, Xanthopoulou A, Papadopoulou A, Vougas K, et al. Hassanshahi A, Shafeie SA, Fatemi I, Hassanshahi E, Allahtavakoli M, Shabani M, et al. Proliferation and apoptosis in a neuroblastoma cell line exposed to 900 MHz modulated radiofrequency field. Exp Neurobiol. Mack et al. statement and [103] found that microwave radiation caused DNA single-strand and double-strand breaks in vivo in populations submitted to occupational exposure, and the incidence of micronuclei in lymphocytes was significantly increased. 2017;52:23947. Mobile phone use facilitates memory in male, but not female, subjects. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 1999;75:44756. [65] irradiated Wistar rats with 10, 30 and 50mW/cm2 microwaves, and the results showed that in the cerebral cortex, only glycine (Gly) and asparagine (Asp) levels were increased. 2003;80:194210. Indian J Occup Environ Med. It has also been reported that acute exposure to continuous waves of 900MHz EMF or 900MHz waves that were modulated to an amplitude of 50Hz increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and DNA fragmentation as a result of the hyperstimulation of glutamate receptors [73]. Thus, these results suggest that the 2.4W/kg GSM 1800MHz microwaves may reduce excitatory synaptic activity and the number of excitatory synapses in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Article 2008;22:9927. Microwaving Food Leads to a Negative Impact on Human Physiology & the Heart. [1] used 10 freely moving rats in which carbon electrodes were implanted in the cortex and dorsomedial hypothalamus. To determine the specific dose-effect relationship between microwave radiation and its biological effects, more intensive studies must be performed. Electromagn Biol Med. Nat Med. Electromagnetic radiation can be absorbed by organisms, in which it causes a series of physiological and functional changes. Resulting Effects on the Human Body. [62] irradiated Wistar rats, hippocampal synaptosomes and differentiated PC12 cells using microwaves (average power density, 30mW/cm2) for 5min, and the results showed that the post-exposure spatial memory of the rats was significantly decreased, the post-exposure levels of phosphorylated synapsin I (p-synapsin I) and GABA were decreased in the rat and cell experiments, and the post-exposure levels of vesicular GABA transporter and p-synapsin I were increased in small clear synaptic vesicles (which were abnormally assembled in presynaptic terminals) in the rat experiments. [16] investigated workers who worked at a television transmitter station with a frequency ranging between 202 and 209MHz, 694701MHz, 750757MHz, or 774781MHz and at a medium-wave broadcasting station. However, most studies have not supported the conclusion that cell phones cause brain tumors [8,9,10,11,12]. However, there is little scientific evidence to demonstrate that children are more sensitive to electromagnetic radiation than adults [24, 25]. Microwave frequencies for which the wavelengths are the same order of magnitude as the dimensions of human body produce close coupling between the body and the microwave field. 2015;56:2618. [78] exposed differentiated astroglial cells that were cultured for 14days in vitro to either continuous 900MHz waves or 900MHz waves modulated in amplitude at 50Hz using a sinusoidal wave form and 100% modulation index for 5, 10, or 20min. Bioelectromagnetics. Srinivasan R. Anatomical constraints on source models for high-resolution EEG and MEG derived from MRI. Sharma A, Sisodia R, Bhatnagar D, Saxena VK. 2012;62:22336. Brain cancer with induction periods of less than 10 years in young military radar workers. They summarized the characteristics and functions of hippocampus-related miRNAs following irradiation with microwaves, and these data laid a foundation that clarified the molecular mechanisms underlying microwave-induced injury to hippocampal learning and memory and suggested potential therapeutic targets. 2011;174:211. Besides, the Soviet Union banned microwaves in 1976 . Gold PE. Dasdag S, Bilgin H, Akdag M, Celik H, Aksen F. Effect of long term mobile phone exposure on oxidative-antioxidative processes and nitric oxide in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2012;3:3440. Mikrobiolohichny zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine: 1993) Serge Voychuk. PLoS One. 1992;49:1818. Messier C, Durkin T, Mrabet O, Destrade C. Memory-improving action of glucose: indirect evidence for a facilitation of hippocampal acetylcholine synthesis. Reactive oxygen species act through p38 MAPK to limit the lifespan of hematopoietic stem cells. [111] found that the rate of glucose metabolism in the brains of rats was lower after short-term exposure to microwave radiation, and the blood glucose management reduced the damage that was caused by microwave radiation due to the decreased glucose uptake (2.45MHz, 1mW/cm2, continuous radiation for 30 d at 3h/d), as were learning and memory capacity. Harris KM. [50] exposed Wistar rats to 2.856GHz microwaves at an average power density of 5, 10, 20 or 30mW/cm2 for 6min three times per week for up to 6weeks and found that on day 14 after irradiation, the levels of Asp and Glu were lower in the hippocampus in the group treated with 5mW/cm2 but higher in the group treated with 30mW/cm2, The levels of GABA were elevated. 2009;158:12639. 1999;9:3438. 2013;34:58998. 2012;21:6209. In the treated rats, 50 calls were missed each day for 4weeks, and the spatial memory abilities of the rats were tested after the experimental period. Of the numerous studies performed to explore the effects of mobile communication devices on humans, only a few have shown that cell phones and brain tumors are statistically correlated. J Neuro-Oncol. Naser D, Shahram T. Adverse health effects of occupational exposure to radiofrequency radiation in airport surveillance radar operators. Ning et al. The results showed that 2.1GHz W-CDMA-modulated microwave radiation did not cause apoptotic cell death but altered cell cycle progression [79]. Ann N Y Acad Sci. Numerous mechanisms can activate oxidative stress, including electromagnetic radiation, and thereby cause molecular damage. Functional plasticity is affected in other ways, including the abnormal release and uptake of brain amino acids such as choline and monoamine neurotransmitters, a decrease in excitatory postsynaptic potential amplitudes and spikes in long-term potentiating (LTP) in the medial perforated pathway (MPP) in the dentate gyrus (DG) [27].
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